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The purpose of this essay is twofold: first, provide a single source, unclassified document on the issues surrounding the B-2; second, provide an unbiased comparison of the cost effectiveness of the B-2 and the Cruise missile. Thi...
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The purpose of this essay is twofold: first, provide a single source, unclassified document on the issues surrounding the B-2; second, provide an unbiased comparison of the cost effectiveness of the B-2 and the Cruise missile. This paper deals with the issues and controversy that surrounds the procurement of the B-2. These issues include the possible use of cruise missiles and a new cruise missile carrier aircraft as an alternative to the B-2. Most of the controversy over the B-2 is directly linked to a sticker price of approximately $540 million per aircraft. This price tag includes all the costs associated with research and development (RD) to include stealth technology. In the author's opinion, this price tag is not a valid measure for two reasons. One, much of the aircraft's research and development (stealth technology) is a sunk cost and will apply to other projects. Second, the USAF does not traditionally include RD costs into the unit fly-away cost figure for the aircraft we procure. In this paper the capabilities and costs associated with a possible cruise missile option are examined and contrasted with the B-2 program and the unique capabilities that the B-2 era of technology will provide the U.S.
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The Practitioner's Guide presents a tool for learning about cost-effectiveness211 analysis and for developing skills in planning and carrying out evaluations that 211 assess the cost-effectiveness of competing alternatives. The pu...
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The Practitioner's Guide presents a tool for learning about cost-effectiveness211 analysis and for developing skills in planning and carrying out evaluations that 211 assess the cost-effectiveness of competing alternatives. The purpose of this 211 Guide is to make cost-effectiveness analysis achievable for any practitioner or 211 student interested in the nutritional well-being of clients, patients, or program 211 participants. The approach presented can be implemented in any setting where 211 there is an interest in learning more about the effectiveness and the cost of 211 nutrition-related activities. The Guide is designed to provide the following: A 211 general understanding of cost-effectiveness analysis; A step-by-step model for 211 determining the cost-effectiveness of a nutrition intervention, program, or 211 service; and Examples of cost-effectiveness analysis applied in the field of 211 nutrition. The content of the Guide was selected and organized to provide only 211 the essential information for initiating cost-effectiveness analysis, using the 211 perspective of the organization. Once this is mastered, practitioners will be 211 prepared to expand to other methods and perspectives of economic analysis. 211 Suggested resources are included for those interested in further exploring 211 economic analysis.
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The protocol is part of an overall effort by the National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment (NCHSR) to develop a research agenda for studying the economic impact of AIDS and HIV-related illn...
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The protocol is part of an overall effort by the National Center for Health Services Research and Health Care Technology Assessment (NCHSR) to develop a research agenda for studying the economic impact of AIDS and HIV-related illnesses. The emphasis of the protocol is on making specific suggestions for implementing studies of the cost-effectiveness of various treatments for these conditions. In the introduction the overall approach of the protocol is described. The major policy questions to be addressed and the impact of the proposed research also are discussed.
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Measuring the effectiveness of information systems (IS) is an issue that has generated debate and research among academics and practitioners. This thesis consolidates the numerous and various approaches to measuring IS effectivene...
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Measuring the effectiveness of information systems (IS) is an issue that has generated debate and research among academics and practitioners. This thesis consolidates the numerous and various approaches to measuring IS effectiveness into six general schools of thought: user satisfaction, system usage, performance/usefulness, productivity, value analysis and cost-benefit analysis. It then presents a model for examining the various linkages that exist among the IS effectiveness measures. These linkages include: user satisfaction and system usage, system usage and performance, performance and productivity, and productivity and cost justification. This research provides a user a summary of the IS effectiveness literature of the past two decades and a consolidated reference for measuring the effectiveness of information systems.
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A resource allocation procedure was needed for selecting the most cost-effective set of countermeasures to address any given highway safety problem. The procedure developed in response to the need is divided into three phases. The...
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A resource allocation procedure was needed for selecting the most cost-effective set of countermeasures to address any given highway safety problem. The procedure developed in response to the need is divided into three phases. The methodology was applied to two highway safety problems that demonstrate its use. The best solution to the stopping-sight-distance problem combined installation of flashing beacon signs on hazardous horizontal curves; required inclusion of high-mounted, center rear brake lights on new cars; and trainingfor new drivers on how to recognize and respond to hazardous sight-distance situations. The best solution to the drunk-driving problem combined 10 countermeasures, including highway, driver, and vehicle countermeasures.
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This study evaluated the effect of hysterectomy or hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (hysterectomy and oophorectomy) versus alternative medical management upon life expectancy, quality of life, and direct medical co...
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This study evaluated the effect of hysterectomy or hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (hysterectomy and oophorectomy) versus alternative medical management upon life expectancy, quality of life, and direct medical costs. Using techniques of decision analysis and available data on sequelae, the authors found that gains in life expectancy and quality of life can be expected when women aged 30 to 60 undergo hysterectomy for benign neoplasm, disorders of menstruation, acquired abnormal anatomy, cervical disease, or endometriosis, owing primarily to prevention of reproductive tract cancers, which outweighs the impact of operative mortality. However, women who have relatively high operative risk or low expected cancer risks, beyond thresholds estimated in sensitivity analysis, and women younger than 35 not treated with placement estrogens following hysterectomy and oophorectomy may expect net losses in life expectancy with surgical intervention.
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The efficiency, productivity, and effectiveness of state-funded, adult partial care programs were studied. Best-practice frontier analysis was utilized to obtain performance measures for the 54 partial care programs in New Jersey....
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The efficiency, productivity, and effectiveness of state-funded, adult partial care programs were studied. Best-practice frontier analysis was utilized to obtain performance measures for the 54 partial care programs in New Jersey. The report details the relationship between the productivity, efficiency and effectiveness model and the explanatory analyses of the variations.
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